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class="page"> <div class="re-page-top"><h1 class="title"><span>命令行常用插件</span></h1> <div class="re-page-index"><div class="page-index-title"><span class="open-catalog"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon arrow-right"><use xlink:href="#icon-bold-right"></use></svg> <span class="text">目录</span></span></div> <div class="page-index-content"><div class="page-catalog" style="display:none;"><div class="synopsis-wrap"><ul class="synopsis-ul"><li class="synopsis-li"><a href="/docs/devbook/cli-plugin.html#z-命令" class="synopsis-link">z 命令</a></li><li class="synopsis-li"><a href="/docs/devbook/cli-plugin.html#tree-命令" class="synopsis-link">tree 命令</a></li><li class="synopsis-li"><a href="/docs/devbook/cli-plugin.html#翻译插件" class="synopsis-link">翻译插件</a></li><li class="synopsis-li"><a href="/docs/devbook/cli-plugin.html#配置-git-命令" class="synopsis-link">配置 git 命令</a><ul class="synopsis-ul"><li class="synopsis-li"><a href="/docs/devbook/cli-plugin.html#git-log" class="synopsis-link">git log</a></li></ul></li><li class="synopsis-li"><a href="/docs/devbook/cli-plugin.html#安装-ubuntu" class="synopsis-link">安装 Ubuntu</a><ul class="synopsis-ul"><li class="synopsis-li"><a href="/docs/devbook/cli-plugin.html#快捷打开目录" class="synopsis-link">快捷打开目录</a></li><li class="synopsis-li"><a href="/docs/devbook/cli-plugin.html#打开文件管理器" class="synopsis-link">打开文件管理器</a></li><li class="synopsis-li"><a href="/docs/devbook/cli-plugin.html#开启-root-模式" class="synopsis-link">开启 root 模式</a></li><li class="synopsis-li"><a href="/docs/devbook/cli-plugin.html#在-cmder-中添加-ubuntu" class="synopsis-link">在 Cmder 中添加 Ubuntu</a></li></ul></li><li class="synopsis-li"><a href="/docs/devbook/cli-plugin.html#常用命令" class="synopsis-link">常用命令</a><ul class="synopsis-ul"><li class="synopsis-li"><a href="/docs/devbook/cli-plugin.html#读取配置" class="synopsis-link">读取配置</a></li><li class="synopsis-li"><a href="/docs/devbook/cli-plugin.html#打开指定文件" class="synopsis-link">打开指定文件</a></li><li class="synopsis-li"><a href="/docs/devbook/cli-plugin.html#配置快捷命令" class="synopsis-link">配置快捷命令</a></li></ul></li><li class="synopsis-li"><a href="/docs/devbook/cli-plugin.html#常用快捷键" class="synopsis-link">常用快捷键</a><ul class="synopsis-ul"><li class="synopsis-li"><a href="/docs/devbook/cli-plugin.html#搜索历史" class="synopsis-link">搜索历史</a></li><li class="synopsis-li"><a href="/docs/devbook/cli-plugin.html#删除当前行" class="synopsis-link">删除当前行</a></li><li class="synopsis-li"><a href="/docs/devbook/cli-plugin.html#其他快捷键" class="synopsis-link">其他快捷键</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="theme-default-content content__default"><p>本教程只在 Windows 生效</p> <h2 id="z-命令"><a href="#z-命令" class="header-anchor">#</a> <code>z</code> 命令</h2> <p>z 命令是一个快捷跳转目录的命令，可以记录你每次经常进入的目录，只要输入该目录文件名即可跳转。</p> <img src="/docs/images/bash-z.png" alt="cli-plugin"> <ol><li>首先打开 <code>z</code> 命令 GitHub 仓库：<a href="https://github.com/rupa/z" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://github.com/rupa/z<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></li> <li>找一个安全的目录（此处推荐在用户目录下新建一个 GitHub 目录）</li></ol> <div class="language-sh extra-class"><pre class="language-sh"><code><span class="token builtin class-name">cd</span> ~/GitHub
</code></pre></div><ol start="3"><li>在该目录下克隆 z 命令的仓库</li></ol> <div class="language-sh extra-class"><pre class="language-sh"><code><span class="token function">git</span> clone git@github.com:rupa/z.git
</code></pre></div><ol start="4"><li>进入你克隆的仓库，复制该仓库的地址</li></ol> <div class="language-sh extra-class"><pre class="language-sh"><code><span class="token builtin class-name">cd</span> z
<span class="token builtin class-name">pwd</span> <span class="token comment"># /c/Users/xxx/z</span>
</code></pre></div><ol start="5"><li>使用编辑器打开用户目录下的 <code>.bashrc</code> 文件（没有就创建一个）</li></ol> <div class="language-sh extra-class"><pre class="language-sh"><code>start ~/.bashrc
</code></pre></div><ol start="6"><li>在 .bashrc 中添加以下内容</li></ol> <div class="language-sh extra-class"><pre class="language-sh"><code><span class="token builtin class-name">.</span> ~/GitHub/z/z.sh 
<span class="token comment"># or /c/Users/xxx/GitHub/z/z.sh</span>

<span class="token builtin class-name">alias</span> <span class="token assign-left variable">j</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">'z'</span>
</code></pre></div><ol start="7"><li>运行 <code>source ~/.bashrc</code> 使命令生效</li></ol> <h2 id="tree-命令"><a href="#tree-命令" class="header-anchor">#</a> tree 命令</h2> <ol><li>打开官网：<a href="http://gnuwin32.sourceforge.net/packages/tree.htm" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">http://gnuwin32.sourceforge.net/packages/tree.htm<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></li> <li>选择 Complete package, except sources 那一行下载完整包，如图：</li></ol> <img src="/docs/images/bash-tree.png" alt="cil-used"> <ol start="3"><li>安装成功后在用户目录下的 <code>.bashrc</code> 输入</li></ol> <div class="language-text extra-class"><pre class="language-text"><code>export PATH=&quot;$PATH:/C/Software/GnuWin32/bin&quot;
</code></pre></div><blockquote><p>其中 $PATH: 后的路径为 tree 安装路径下的 bin 路径（注意路径中的 <code>\</code> 要修改为 <code>/</code> 格式）</p></blockquote> <ol start="4"><li><code>. ~/.bashrc</code> 一下，再运行 <code>which tree</code> 如果出现了安装路径就说明成功了。</li> <li>使用 <code>tree .</code> 即可查看当前目录下文件。</li></ol> <h2 id="翻译插件"><a href="#翻译插件" class="header-anchor">#</a> 翻译插件</h2> <p>安装</p> <div class="language-sh extra-class"><pre class="language-sh"><code><span class="token function">yarn</span> global <span class="token function">add</span> fanyi
<span class="token comment"># or</span>
<span class="token function">npm</span> <span class="token function">install</span> -g fanyi
</code></pre></div><p>使用</p> <div class="language-sh extra-class"><pre class="language-sh"><code>fy hi
</code></pre></div><h2 id="配置-git-命令"><a href="#配置-git-命令" class="header-anchor">#</a> 配置 git 命令</h2> <h3 id="git-log"><a href="#git-log" class="header-anchor">#</a> git log</h3> <p>配置一个更直观的 git log 命令，在 <code>~/.bashrc</code> 中添加</p> <div class="language-sh extra-class"><pre class="language-sh"><code><span class="token builtin class-name">alias</span> <span class="token assign-left variable">glog</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">&quot;git log --graph --pretty=format:'%Cred%h%Creset -%C(yellow)%d%Creset %s %Cgreen(%cr) %C(bold blue)&lt;%an&gt;%Creset' --abbrev-commit -- | less&quot;</span>
</code></pre></div><p>添加后执行 <code>. ~/.bashrc</code>，然后就可以使用 glog 命令查看当前 git 仓库的历史的提交了</p> <p>其他命令缩写：</p> <div class="language-text extra-class"><pre class="language-text"><code>alias gst=&quot;git status -sb&quot;
alias ga=&quot;git add&quot;
alias gc=&quot;git commit -v&quot;
alias gcc=&quot;git commit . -m update&quot;
alias gp=&quot;git push&quot;
alias gl=&quot;git pull&quot;
</code></pre></div><h2 id="安装-ubuntu"><a href="#安装-ubuntu" class="header-anchor">#</a> 安装 Ubuntu</h2> <p>在 Win10 的 Microsoft Store 搜索 Ubuntu 安装即可</p> <p>在 Ubuntu 中 Windows 目录都在 /mnt/ 下，如 c 盘为 <code>/mnt/c/</code></p> <h3 id="快捷打开目录"><a href="#快捷打开目录" class="header-anchor">#</a> 快捷打开目录</h3> <div class="language-sh extra-class"><pre class="language-sh"><code><span class="token function">ln</span> -s /mnt/c/xxx/GitHub/
</code></pre></div><p>设置后直接使用 cd GitHub 即可打开该目录</p> <h3 id="打开文件管理器"><a href="#打开文件管理器" class="header-anchor">#</a> 打开文件管理器</h3> <p>默认模式下，打开当前目录要运行以下命令</p> <div class="language-sh extra-class"><pre class="language-sh"><code>explorer.exe <span class="token builtin class-name">.</span>
</code></pre></div><p>你可以将 <code>explorer.exe</code> 设置为 <code>start</code>，步骤如下：</p> <blockquote><ol><li>执行 <code>vi ~/.bashrc</code> 用 vim 打开配置文件。</li> <li>按 <code>i</code> 然后在最下方插入 <code>alias start=&quot;explorer.exe&quot;</code>。</li> <li>然后运行 <code>:wq</code> 保存。</li> <li>就可以使用 <code>start .</code> 打开目录了。</li></ol></blockquote> <h3 id="开启-root-模式"><a href="#开启-root-模式" class="header-anchor">#</a> 开启 root 模式</h3> <p>使用 <code>sudo passwd root</code> 设置 root 的密码 (默认情况下密码在命令行不会显示)</p> <p>设置后输入 <code>su root</code> 输入密码进入</p> <h3 id="在-cmder-中添加-ubuntu"><a href="#在-cmder-中添加-ubuntu" class="header-anchor">#</a> 在 Cmder 中添加 Ubuntu</h3> <p>首先打开设置，在启动中设置以下选项</p> <img src="/docs/images/ubuntu_01.png" alt="cil-used"> <p>然后就可以在 Cmder 中新建 Ubuntu 窗口了</p> <p>也可以把 Ubuntu 设置为默认启动，如下</p> <img src="/docs/images/ubuntu_02.png" alt="cil-used"> <h2 id="常用命令"><a href="#常用命令" class="header-anchor">#</a> 常用命令</h2> <h3 id="读取配置"><a href="#读取配置" class="header-anchor">#</a> 读取配置</h3> <div class="language-sh extra-class"><pre class="language-sh"><code><span class="token builtin class-name">source</span> ~/.bashrc
<span class="token comment"># 缩写</span>
<span class="token builtin class-name">.</span> ~/.bashrc
</code></pre></div><h3 id="打开指定文件"><a href="#打开指定文件" class="header-anchor">#</a> 打开指定文件</h3> <div class="language-sh extra-class"><pre class="language-sh"><code>start demo.sh
</code></pre></div><h3 id="配置快捷命令"><a href="#配置快捷命令" class="header-anchor">#</a> 配置快捷命令</h3> <p>将 <code>z</code> 命令赋给 j（类似变量）以后就可以使用 j 代替 <code>z</code> 命令，如下：</p> <div class="language-sh extra-class"><pre class="language-sh"><code><span class="token builtin class-name">alias</span> <span class="token assign-left variable">j</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">'z'</span>
</code></pre></div><h2 id="常用快捷键"><a href="#常用快捷键" class="header-anchor">#</a> 常用快捷键</h2> <h3 id="搜索历史"><a href="#搜索历史" class="header-anchor">#</a> 搜索历史</h3> <p>首先按一下 <code>Ctrl</code> + <code>R</code> 然后输入命令 的一部分</p> <p>然后会显示历史命令，然后按住 <code>Ctrl</code> 再按 <code>R</code> 切换历史命令，直到切换到自己想要的，按方向键左右键即可退出</p> <p>如果是需要的命令 按方向键左右即可在当前行显示该命令</p> <p>如果不想搜索 使用 <code>Ctrl</code> + <code>Go</code> 退出搜索</p> <h3 id="删除当前行"><a href="#删除当前行" class="header-anchor">#</a> 删除当前行</h3> <p>按下 <code>ctrl</code> + <code>a</code> 到达命令首字母，然后再按下 <code>ctrl</code> + <code>k</code> 删除本行命令</p> <h3 id="其他快捷键"><a href="#其他快捷键" class="header-anchor">#</a> 其他快捷键</h3> <ul><li>光标移至行首 <code>Ctrl + A</code></li> <li>光标移至行尾 <code>Ctrl + E</code></li> <li>光标退后 <code>Ctrl + B</code></li> <li>光标前进 <code>Ctrl + F</code></li> <li>删一个单词 <code>Ctrl + W</code></li> <li>中断命令 <code>Ctrl + Cancel</code></li> <li>使用上一条命令的最后一个参数 <code>Alt + .</code></li></ul> <p><strong>更多快捷键</strong></p> <p>谷歌搜索 <code>bash 快捷键</code>，推荐网址：<a href="https://linuxtoy.org/archives/bash-shortcuts.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://linuxtoy.org/archives/bash-shortcuts.html<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></p></div> <footer class="page-edit"><!----> <div class="last-updated"><span class="prefix">上次更新：</span><span class="time">2021-02-10 13:20</span></div></footer> <div class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon"><use xlink:href="#icon-left"></use></svg> <a href="/docs/devbook/setting/vscode.html" class="prev">VSCode 配置</a></span> <span class="next"><a href="/docs/devbook/cli-hot-key.html">命令行快捷键</a> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon"><use xlink:href="#icon-right"></use></svg></span></p></div> </main></div><div class="global-ui"><!----><!----></div></div>
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